Role Of Sociocultural Context Research Articles

Mind and body in students' and teachers' engagement: New evidence, challenges, and guidelines for future research.

Traditionally, research in educational psychology has neglected the physiological foundations of motivation, emotion, engagement, and learning. Recent studies have made substantial progress to more fully consider physiological processes, as documented in the contributions to this special issue. In this commentary, I summarize their findings, discuss strengths and weaknesses, and outline directions for future research. The studies showcase how physiological indicators can be integrated in research in educational psychology. The resulting findings document links between cardiovascular, electrodermal, and hormonal parameters as well as physical activity and a range of mental and behavioural processes in educational settings. Together, they attest to the critical role of physiological processes in students' and teachers' engagement. However, most of the studies used small samples and correlational designs, and not all of the findings were consistent. To inform theory and practice in evidence-based ways, we need to make further headway in building a cumulative, coherent knowledge base. To this end, it may be helpful to more precisely specify the status of physiological indicators; secure construct symmetry of physiological, mental, and behavioural variables; use causal designs and within-person analysis; include sufficiently powered samples of participants and measurement occasions; employ multiple indicators and assessments to increase reliability and specificity; define the time windows and lags of assessments that are suited to capture physiological processes and their functions; and consider the role of socio-cultural contexts.

The Role of Sociocultural Context in Cyberbullying in Israeli Society: Comparing Arab and Jewish Parents' Perceived Knowledge of Their Adolescent Children's Involvement in Cyberbullying.

This paper examines the relationship between parental monitoring and control, parents’ perceived knowledge of their adolescent’s online activities, and parents’ perceived knowledge of their adolescent’s involvement in cyberbullying, among Israeli Jewish and Arab parents of adolescents. The 407 participants consisted of two groups: Jewish (n = 194) and Arab (n = 213) parents of adolescents in Israel, who were recruited via online social networks and completed an online survey. The self-report questionnaire included the Stattin and Kerr Parental Control and Parental Monitoring Questionnaire (Stattin & Kerr in Developmental Psychology 36:366, 2000), as well as parental knowledge of child online activities and witnessing and experiencing cyberbullying. Parental monitoring and control were perceived as higher by Jewish than Arab parents, while no group differences were found for perceived child disclosure or parental knowledge of adolescent online activity. Parental knowledge of the adolescent witnessing cyberbullying was higher among Arab than Jewish parents, while the opposite was found for parental knowledge of the adolescent experiencing cyberbullying. Parental knowledge of the adolescent both witnessing and experiencing cyberbullying was related to group affiliation, lower parental education, and higher parental perceived knowledge of the adolescent’s online activities. Parents’ perceived knowledge of the adolescent witnessing cyberbullying was further related to higher perceived adolescent disclosure. The study increases our understanding of perceived parental involvement and its relationship with parents’ perceived knowledge of the adolescent’s involvement in cyberbullying in a diverse and multicultural society.

Research on language learning motivation in school settings in System

This review of System's scholarship on school-based language learning motivation focuses on 12 papers on learners and teachers in secondary school settings. Of 190 studies on motivation published in the Journal from 1990 to 2021, 24 have had a focus on secondary school contexts. The 12 focus studies are drawn from these. The review highlights theoretical and methodological shifts that have characterized the field of language learning motivation and considers the extent to which these are manifested in the Journal's scholarship, specifically pointing to a growing concern for approaches that account for the complex, dynamic, and situated nature of motivation. Studies on language learning motivation in school settings have addressed a range of aspects including motivational change, the interplay between instructional approaches and motivation, the role of sociocultural context in shaping and directing learner motivation, teacher cognition on motivation, and teachers' motivation for language teaching. While acknowledging the extensive body of literature on language learning motivation among adult learners, the review concludes with suggestions for ways in which the still rather limited knowledge about school-based motivation could be extended and enriched.

Динамические процессы в этикете профессиональной и деловой коммуникации

The research focuses on the study of the dynamics of etiquette norms in the innovative communicative space. The paper considers the factors which may condition changes in etiquette norms and stimulate formation of new norms and rules. The contribution explains the importance of taking into account theoretical foundations of etiquette studies while considering innovative norms, and lays special emphasis on comparison of traditional and innovative norms. The article reveals the role of socio-cultural context in the process of implementation of etiquette norms, and outlines the factors which determine the variability of their functioning. The study highlights specific features of innovative etiquette norms: the focus of attention is on etiquette norms regulating behaviour in the online communicative environment – with special reference to business interaction, in particular, business interaction in the format of zoom conferences. The paper suggests classification of innovation norms, outlines etiquette gaps and ways of their elimination. The publication also explains the importance of practical valiability of the study, and accounts for the need in optimization of business etiquette training – with special reference to up-to-date conditions of professional interaction.

Динамические процессы в этикете профессиональной и деловой коммуникации

The research focuses on the study of the dynamics of etiquette norms in the innovative communicative space. The paper considers the factors which may condition changes in etiquette norms and stimulate formation of new norms and rules. The contribution explains the importance of taking into account theoretical foundations of etiquette studies while considering innovative norms, and lays special emphasis on comparison of traditional and innovative norms. The article reveals the role of socio-cultural context in the process of implementation of etiquette norms, and outlines the factors which determine the variability of their functioning. The study highlights specific features of innovative etiquette norms: the focus of attention is on etiquette norms regulating behaviour in the online communicative environment – with special reference to business interaction, in particular, business interaction in the format of zoom conferences. The paper suggests classification of innovation norms, outlines etiquette gaps and ways of their elimination. The publication also explains the importance of practical valiability of the study, and accounts for the need in optimization of business etiquette training – with special reference to up-to-date conditions of professional interaction.

\u201cThe more children you have, the more praise you get from the community\u201d: exploring the role of sociocultural context and perceptions of care on maternal and newborn health among Somali refugees in UNHCR supported camps in Kenya

BackgroundMaternal and neonatal survival are key components of population health and may be particularly vulnerable in humanitarian contexts of civil unrest and displacement. Understanding what factors contribute to poor health outcomes throughout the reproductive life cycle and across the continuum of care is crucial for improving health programming in acute and protracted refugee settings.MethodsWe undertook a mixed-methods baseline assessment of factors related to maternal and neonatal health among refugees living in the Dadaab refugee complex in eastern Kenya. The qualitative component included 23 focus group discussions with 207 community members and 22 key informant interviews with relevant UN and non-governmental organization staff, community leaders, health managers, and front-line health care providers. We analysed qualitative data for content and themes using inductive and deductive techniques.ResultsTaking a life course perspective, we found that the strong desire for large families and the primary social role of the woman as child bearer impacted maternal and neonatal health in the camps through preferences for early marriage, low demand for contraception, and avoidance of caesarean sections. Participants described how a strong fear of death, disability, and reduced fecundity from caesarean sections results in avoidance of the surgery, late presentation to the health facility in labour, and difficulty gaining timely informed consent. Mistrust of health service providers also played a role in this dynamic. In terms of newborn care practices, while breastfeeding is culturally supported and women increasingly accept feeding colostrum to the newborn, mixed feeding practices and application of foreign substances to the umbilicus continue to present risks to newborn health in this community.ConclusionsThe findings from our study showcase the role that specific sociocultural beliefs and practices and perceptions of health care services have on maternal and neonatal health. An in-depth understanding of how these factors impact the utilization of biomedical health services provides valuable information for targeted improvements in health service provision that are tailored to the local context.

Cultural Representation Theory in Constructing Representations of the United States in Chinese and US Media

This study explores the complex nature of tourism representation. Building on cultural representation theory, the researchers examine the photographic representations of US destinations in both Chinese and US media. From Chinese guide books, 1,827 images were collected that feature US destinations and 1,263 images were collected from the tourism promotion website that is targeted at Chinese viewers by the Corporation for Travel Promotion. The visual research methodologies were employed. The results indicate that there is a significant absence of inland US in Chinese guidebooks, although the most popular destinations along the East and West coasts of the country are primary targets for both sides. It was found that Chinese guidebooks show more interest in cityscapes, while the US side favors nature, though both sides attach highest priority to heritage sites. Finally, the two sides employ different cultural codes to represent the same destinations. This finding demonstrates the significant role of sociocultural contexts in the construction of destination representations.

Trends and Determinants of Unmet Need for Family Planning in Cameroon: The Role of Socio-Cultural Context

This study attempts to investigate and highlight the recent trends of unmet need for family planning in Cameroon. Differences for having an unmet need by place of residence, age, marital status, education, and living standards are also assessed. It is based on Cameroon Demography and Health Surveys (CDHS) which were conducted in 1991, 1998, 2004, and 2011. It aims at declaring the women’s reasons for having an unmet need and identifying the socio‐economic and cultural determinants of unmet need. A high proportion of women with unmet need are those who have experienced unwanted pregnancies. Health concerns about contraceptives and social disapprovals are other important reasons. The study identifies a significant relation among the unmet need and residence, age, work status, education, living standards, knowledge about contraceptives, and children ever born. This paper finally outlines the scope for further research, offering some perspectives on the nature and socio‐cultural dimensions of unmet need.

The role of sociocultural context for culture competence and depressive symptoms among ethnic minority youths in junior high school

The aim of the study was to examine whether school sociocultural context affects culture competence and its relationship to depressive symptoms. As part of the Youth, Culture and Competence study conducted in the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, questionnaire data was collected from 373 immigrant students in two junior high schools within Oslo. The school contexts were represented in terms of proportion of ethnic minority students, 90% versus 60% referred to as the concentrated and balanced context, respectively. Results showed a relatively low level of depressive symptoms and high level of ethnic and host culture competence regardless of context. Ethnic culture competence showed an inverse relationship to depression in both contexts. Host culture competence was also negatively correlated with depression, but only in the balanced context. In the concentrated context this correlation was unsubstantial. Thus, the sociocultural context was found to moderate this correlation.

Top Management Leadership and Influence on Innovation: The Role of Sociocultural Context

This study proposes and tests a model for top-management influence on innovations. Three research questions are addressed: Is top managers’ influence on innovation a function of their leadership? Does socio-cultural context directly affect leadership? and, Does sociocultural context moderate the relationship of leadership with top-management influence on innovation? These questions are investigated with data from 12 European countries. The results show that leadership factors have strong effects on top-management innovation influence. In support of the culture-specific view of leadership, sociocultural context directly influences leadership and moderates its relationship with organizational innovation.

The Dimensional Structure of Asian American Acculturation: An Examination of Prototypes

This study investigated the dimensional structure of acculturation for three prototypic groups of Asian Americans: those who were more Asian identified, those who were more American identified, and those who were jointly Asian and American identified. Three-way multidimensional scaling revealed a two-dimensional structure in which the first dimension consisted of language and culture domains and the second dimension contained cultural identity and values domains. These findings are consistent with the theoretical literature that distinguishes between external and internal aspects of acculturation (e.g., Kwan & Sodowsky, 1997). The first dimension was salient for the American identified prototype group, the second dimension was salient for the Asian identified group, and both dimensions were salient for the Asian and American identified group. Implications of the dimensional structure are discussed with respect to the predominant models of acculturation and identity for Asian Americans (e.g., Berry, 1989; Sue & Sue, 2003; Suinn, Rickard-Figueroa, Lew, & Vigil, 1987), the role of sociocultural context, and Linville's (1987) theory of cognitive complexity. Recommendations are made for the assessment of acculturation among Asian Americans.